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Cooperative Principles
1) Voluntary and open membership
Cooperatives are voluntary organizations, open to all persons
able to use their services and willing to accept the responsibilities
of membership, without gender, social, racial, political or religious
discrimination.
2) Democratic member control
Cooperatives are democratic organizations controlled
by their members, who actively participate in setting their policies and
making decisions. Men and women serving as elected representatives are
accountable to the membership. In primary cooperatives, members have equal
voting rights one member, one vote and cooperatives at other
levels are organized in a democratic manner.
3) Members economic participation
Members contribute equally to, and democratically control,
the capital of their cooperative. At least part of that capital is usually
the common property of the cooperative. They usually receive limited compensation,
if any, on capital subscribed as a condition of membership. Members allocate
surpluses for any or all of the following purposes: developing the cooperative,
possibly by setting up reserves, part of which at least would be indivisible;
benefiting members in proportion to their transactions with the cooperative;
and supporting other activities approved by the membership.
4) Autonomy and independence
Cooperatives are autonomous, self-help organizations controlled
by their members. If they enter into agreements with other organizations,
including governments, or raise capital from external sources, they do
so on terms that ensure democratic control by their members and maintain
their cooperative autonomy.
5) Education, training and information
Cooperatives provide education and training for their
members, elected representatives, managers and employees so they can contribute
effectively to the development of their cooperatives. They inform the
general public particularly young people and opinion leaders
about the nature and benefits of cooperation.
6) Cooperation among cooperatives
Cooperatives serve their members most effectively
and strengthen the cooperative movement by working together through local,
national, regional, and international structures.
7) Concern for community
While focusing on member needs, cooperatives should work
for the sustainable development of their communities through policies
accepted by their members.
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A cooperative is a business that belongs to, and is controlled
by, the people who use its services. It can be defined as a democratic
association of persons organized to provide themselves a service under
a plan that eliminates entrepreneur profit. A cooperative is voluntarily
owned and controlled by its members and operated for them and by them
on a non-profit or cost basis.
Why Cooperatives?
There is a profit in providing electricity to cities and towns. Since
many residents live close together, the cost of materials can be divided
between several people.
In rural areas, that is not the case. With several miles
of line between residents, typical businesses had no interest in serving
these areas. That's understandable...there wasn't a profit in it. It would
cost too much to build lines and maintain them with customers so few and
far between. How, then, would farmers get electricity?
Cooperatives are not focused on making a profit but simply
providing a service for a group of members. They are private, independent
electric utilities, owned by the members they serve. Electric cooperatives
began to spread across rural America after President Franklin D. Roosevelt
created the Rural Electrification Administration (REA) in 1935. The Executive
Order establishing the REA and the passage of the REA Act a year later
provided loans for rural electrification.
Electric cooperatives are different than other forms of
business, and member-owners of cooperatives notice this difference. For
one thing, co-ops put consumers first because the consumers are the owners.
In addition, co-ops are locally owned and operated. When members call
the co-op, they are talking with their neighbors.
Kinds of Cooperatives
Cooperatives provide more than just electric service. There are cooperatives
that provide telephone, food, daycare, legal services, insurance, pharmaceuticals,
clothing...any product or service imaginable.
Some cooperatives are owned by multiple households, nonprofit and government
agencies, or businesses like agricultural companies. Adams Electric Cooperative
is a consumer cooperative. There are also producer cooperatives which
help producers of a product (the members) share expenses and help maximize
their returns. While there are many kinds of cooperatives, they are distinguished
by member control and member benefit.
Local Cooperatives
Adams Electric Cooperative in Camp Point, Illinois is only one of several
local cooperatives. Here are some examples of other local cooperatives:
Adams Telephone Co-Operative in Golden provides telephone service. ABS
Water Co-Operative in Camp Point provides water to rural areas. Adams
County Farm Bureau in Quincy provides a means for farmers to work together
towards goals and improve their economic well-being. Camp Point Mutual
Insurance Company, with offices in Camp Point, Mt. Sterling and Virginia,
provides insurance for homes, property and livestock. 1st Farm Credit
Services in Quincy is a farmer-owned credit and financial services cooperative.
There are many other local cooperatives.
Well Known Cooperatives
Some of the more famous cooperatives are Ocean Spray, Land OLakes,
Sunkist and Welchs. Ocean Sprays membership includes 800 cranberry
growers and 126 grapefruit growers. Land OLakes members include
7,000 producer-members and 1,300 community cooperatives. Sunkist has about
6,500 members including California and Arizona citrus growers. Welchs
is a manufacturing and marketing branch of the National Grape Cooperative
Association, Inc. owned by more than 1,400 grape growing members. There
are over 40,000 cooperatives in the United States.
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